Nervous system

Definition  The nervous system consists of brain coma spinal cord peripheral nerve. The nerves health to transmit the message grow the impulses from different part of the body to the brain and spinal cord. The nervous system in divided in following part------- Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system Autonomic nervous system Central nervous system It consists then and spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system It consists of fall nervous outside the brain or spinal cord. Autonomic nervous system It consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic. Neurone  The nervous consist of vast number of cell called neurone. Neurone is the structural and fundamental unit of the nervous system Play Store the neurone are supported by a special type of connective tissue is called neuroglia, each neurone have a cell body and its process. Cell body The nerve cell are vary considered size and shape but they are too small cell body from the grey matter of The nervous system an

Cardiovascular System

          


  

  

      The heart lies in the thoracic cavity in the media - sternum (the space between the lungs ).It lies oblique, a little more to the left then the right and present a base above and apex below .The apex is about 9cm to the left of the midline at the level of the 5th intercostal space, the base extend to the level of the 2nd ribs .

        *  Structure of heart  *   
   
The heart is composed of three layer of tissue -----------
1. Pericardium 
2. Myocardium 
3. Endocardium 

    1. Pericardium 


The pericardium is the outer layer and is made of to sac . The outer sac ( the fibrous pericardium ) consist of fibrous tissue. The inner layer of pericardium is cold serous pericardium . The outer layer of parietal pericardium. Tha inner layer of serious pericardium is cold visceral pericardium . The serous membrane consist of ephythelium cells .It secretion serous fluid in to the space bitween the visceral peirital layer  which allow smooth movement bitween the heart beats .

   2.  Mayocardium

The mayocardium composed of specialised cardiac muscle found only in the heart . It is not under voluntary control .

   3.  Endocarium


This form the chamber and valve of the heart . It is a thin smooth membrane to insure smooth flow if the blood through the heart .It is the inner most layer of heart 
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            Valve



Tricuspid valve -- the valve present between the right atrium and right ventricle . which allow the blood to flow from right atrium to right ventricle . the tricuspid valve has three flap .



Bicuspid valve -- it is also called  mitral valve .It is situated between the left atrium and left ventricle .It has a two flaps .



Pulmonary valve -- this valve present between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery . 



Aortic valve -- this valve present between the left ventricle and aorta .






1. Arterial supply--  the heart is supply with arterial blood by the right and left coronary artery .Which branch from aorta emediatly distol to the aortic valve . the coronary arteries recive about 5℅ of the blood pump from the heart .



3.Venous drainage -- most of the venous blood is connected in to a number of cardiac vein that join to the from the coronary sinus ,which open in to the right atrium .


 Flow of the blood through heart








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